Sonata for Bassoon and Piano
by Einojuhani Rautavaara
Description
When bassoonist Emanuel Elola asked me in 1965 to write him a piece, I was excited by the task and viewed it as a challenge. Three years later I returned to the piece and wrote a new version. At that time I was in the process of slowly recovering from an unavoidable phase of so-called ‘experimental modernism’. This can be seen, for example, in the monologue for bassoon multiphonics (in other words chords produced via unorthodox fingerings) which appears at the end of the first movement, itself a dialogue between the bassoon and the piano. The work continues without a break with an Energico section, followed by a grotesquely romantic Barcarolle which complements the latter in the manner of a trio, and it is rounded off with a quick finale section. All this unfolds as a continuous narrative, since, looked at from one analytical perspective, the whole work can be viewed as a set of variations based on the twelve-note row announced in the first few bars. Here, as elsewhere, however, a ‘narrative’ perception of the piece, i.e. one which follows the musical story being told, may be a more helpful way of approach the piece for the listener.
© Einojuhani Rautavaara
Kun soolofagotisti Emanuel Elola vuonna 1965 pyysi minua säveltämään teoksen fagotille, pidin tehtävää haastavana ja jännittävänä. Kolme vuotta myöhemmin laadin vielä uuden version sävellyksestä. Noihin aikoihin olin vasta hitaasti toipumassa ns. kokeellisen modernismin välttämättömästä vaiheesta seurauksena esimerkiksi multifoneilla eli fagotin moniäänisillä soinnuilla tapahtuva monologi, joka lyhyen kadenssin tavoin sijoittuu pianon kanssa keskustelevan alkuosan loppuun. Välittömasti seuraa Energico-jakso, sitten ikäänkuin triona groteskisti romanttinen Barcarolle, ja lopulta nopea finaalivaihe. Kaikki tämä tauottomana kertomuksena, sillä jos analyyttisesti asennoituu, voi kokonaisuuden myös käsittää muunnelmasarjaksi ensimmäisten tahtien 12-sävelrivistä. ’Narratiivinen’ suhtautuminen eli soivan tarinan seuraaminen voi olla tässä – kuten muuallakin – antavampaa.
© Einojuhani Rautavaara
Instrumentation bsn, pno
Instrument codes
| Abbreviation | Instrument | Woodwind | | | acl | alto clarinet |
| afl | alto flute |
| arec | alto recorder |
| asax | alto saxophone |
| barsax | baritone saxophone |
| barhn | baritone horn |
| bcl | bass clarinet |
| bfl | bass flute |
| bob | bass oboe |
| bsax | bass saxophone |
| bsn | bassoon |
| cbsn | contrabassoon |
| cl | clarinet |
| ehn | English horn |
| fl | flute |
| hn | French horn |
| ob | oboe |
| pic | piccolo |
| rec | recorder |
| sax | saxophone |
| srec | soprano recorder |
| ssax | soprano saxophone |
| trec | tenor recorder |
| tsax | tenor saxophone |
Brass | | | ahn | alto horn |
| atrb | altotrombone |
| barhn | baritone horn |
| btrb | bass trombone |
| cornet | cornet |
| euph | euphonium |
| fhn | flugelhorn |
| hn | French horn |
| tba | tuuba |
| thn | tenor horn |
| trb | trombone |
| trp | trumpet |
Percussion | | | dr | drums |
| glock | glockenspiel |
| mar | marimba |
| perc | percussion |
| timp | timpani |
| vibr | vibraphone |
| xyl | xylophone |
Strings | | | db | double bass |
| gamba | viola da gamba |
| str | strings |
| vla | viola |
| vlc | cello |
| vln | violin |
Other | | | acc | accordion |
| cel | celesta |
| cemb | harpsichord |
| chords | chords |
| elbas | electric bass |
| elg | electric guitar |
| elorg | electric organ |
| elpno | electric piano |
| guit | guitar |
| harm | harmonium |
| hca | harmonica |
| hp | harp |
| instr | instrument |
| kantele | kantele |
| keyb | keyboard |
| live electr | live electronics |
| mand | mandolin |
| mel | melody |
| org | organ |
| pno | piano |
| synth | synthesizer |
| tape | tape |
Vocal | | | alto | alto |
| baryt | baritone |
| basso | bass voice |
| ch | choir |
| chc | childrens choir |
| chf | female choir |
| chm | male choir |
| chx | mixed choir |
| cten | countertenor |
| mezzo | mezzo-soprano |
| sopr | soprano |
| speaker | speaker |
| ten | tenor |
| voc | vocal |
Coding for instrument ensembles and orchestras
| Symphony orchestra | | | 2222 4331 11 1, str = 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 4 French horns, 3 trumpets, 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, one other percussionist, harp and strings |
Wind band | | | 2252 3 423 21212 3 = 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 5 clarinets, 2 bassoons - 3 saxophones - 4 French horns, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones - 2 cornets, alto horn, 2 tenor horns, baritone horn, 2 tubas - 3 percussionists |
Big band | | | 221 4 4, pno, guit, db, dr = 2 alto saxophones, 2 tenor saxophones, baritone saxophone, 4 trumpets, 4 trombones, piano, guitar, double bass, drums |
Additional codes | | | + | fl+pic = flutist doubles on piccolo |
| / | pno/org = can be played on either piano or organ |
| lib | ad libitum |
| obl | obligato |
| str | str: 65432 = specified number of string players |
| str min | str min: 65432 = at least 65432 |
| str max | str max: 65432 = not more than 65432 |
| solo | vln solo = violin is the solo instrument in a work not obviously for solo violin |
Category Chamber Works
Premiere
Fp: Emanuel Elola, bassoon, Helsinki, 1965 and 1968
Commisioned by / dedications Commissioned by Emanuel Elola.
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