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The Italian word "La Rota" comes from the Latin and it means "the wheel" - in general, of course, but also specific things: hexameter, rotation; the eternally revolving wheel of fortune, or an instrument of execution common in the Middle Ages and Renaissance period. The condemned person was tied to the spokes of a wheel suspended on a pole and left to lie face upwards until he died of hunger and thirst. (The ravens did the rest!)La Rota della Manfrediana was a well-known dance in markets in the Middle Ages (13th century). La Manfrediana was the slow introduction preceding the dance. In La Rota, the cello presents both themes, after which the wheel begins to revolve faster and faster, spun by the piano, until the movement comes apart at the end. The cello presents new material related to the spokes of the stopped wheel (inspired by paintings by Pieter Brughel and Hieronymus Bosch). Sunbeams shine off reflective surfaces, and the life of the condemned prisoner flashes before his eyes. The wheel transports him to another world. His wheel of fortune has stopped, and we hear fragments of the original La Rota theme.© Herman Rechberger, 2000(Musica nova Helsinki)translated by © Jaakko Mäntyjärvi and © Susan Sinisalo"La Rota". Italian kielen sana polveutu latinasta ja tarkoittaa pyörää yleensä, mutta myös muita asioita: heksametriä, pyörimistä; ikuisesti kiertävää onnenpyörää, tai yleistä kuolemantuomion välinettä keskiajalla ja renessanssin aikana (saksaksi "Rädern"). Tuomittu sidottiin pyörän pinnoihin pylvään nokkaan ja jätettiin virumaan kasvot ylöspäin, kunnes kuoli nälkään ja janoon (korpit täydensivät työn!). Toinen tapa oli sitoa uhri vaunun pyöriin ja ajaa hänet hengiltä.La Rota della Manfrediana oli tunnettu tanssi keskiajan (1200-luvulla) toreilla ja markkinoilla. La Manfrediana oli tanssia edeltävä hidas johdanto. La Rotassa sello esittelee alussa molemmat teemat. Sen jälkeen pyörä alkaa pyöriä nopeammin ja nopeammin, pianon vauhdittamana, kunnes liike lopussa hajoaa. Sello esittelee uutta materiaalia, joka liittyy pysöhtyneen pyörän puoliin (Pieter Brughelin ja Hieronymus Boschin maalausten inspiroimana). Auringonsäteet heijastuvat pinnoista ja kuolemaantuomitun elämä vilahtaa hänen ohitseen kuvanauhana. Pyörä kuljettaa hänet toiseen maailmaan. Hänen onnenpyöränsä on pyörähtänyt ja voimme kuulla fragmentteja alkuperäisestä La Rota -teemasta.© Herman Rechberger, 2000(Musica nova Helsinki)

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Abbreviation	Instrument
Woodwind
acl	alto clarinet
afl	alto flute
arec	alto recorder
asax	alto saxophone
barsax	baritone saxophone
barhn	baritone horn
bcl	bass clarinet
bfl	bass flute
bob	bass oboe
bsax	bass saxophone
bsn	bassoon
cbsn	contrabassoon
cl	clarinet
ehn	English horn
fl	flute
hn	French horn
ob	oboe
pic	piccolo
rec	recorder
sax	saxophone
srec	soprano recorder
ssax	soprano saxophone
trec	tenor recorder
tsax	tenor saxophone
Brass
ahn	alto horn
atrb	altotrombone
barhn	baritone horn
btrb	bass trombone
cornet	cornet
euph	euphonium
fhn	flugelhorn
hn	French horn
tba	tuuba
thn	tenor horn
trb	trombone
trp	trumpet
Percussion
dr	drums
glock	glockenspiel
mar	marimba
perc	percussion
timp	timpani
vibr	vibraphone
xyl	xylophone
Strings
db	double bass
gamba	viola da gamba
str	strings
vla	viola
vlc	cello
vln	violin
Other
acc	accordion
cel	celesta
cemb	harpsichord
chords	chords
elbas	electric bass
elg	electric guitar
elorg	electric organ
elpno	electric piano
guit	guitar
harm	harmonium
hca	harmonica
hp	harp
instr	instrument
kantele	kantele
keyb	keyboard
live electr	live electronics
mand	mandolin
mel	melody
org	organ
pno	piano
synth	synthesizer
tape	tape
Vocal
alto	alto
baryt	baritone
basso	bass voice
ch	choir
chc	childrens choir
chf	female choir
chm	male choir
chx	mixed choir
cten	countertenor
mezzo	mezzo-soprano
sopr	soprano
speaker	speaker
ten	tenor
voc	vocal

Symphony orchestra
2222 4331 11 1, str = 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 4 French horns, 3 trumpets, 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, one other percussionist, harp and strings
Wind band
2252 3 423 21212 3 = 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 5 clarinets, 2 bassoons - 3 saxophones - 4 French horns, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones - 2 cornets, alto horn, 2 tenor horns, baritone horn, 2 tubas - 3 percussionists
Big band
221 4 4, pno, guit, db, dr = 2 alto saxophones, 2 tenor saxophones, baritone saxophone, 4 trumpets, 4 trombones, piano, guitar, double bass, drums
Additional codes
+	fl+pic = flutist doubles on piccolo
/	pno/org = can be played on either piano or organ
lib	ad libitum
obl	obligato
str	str: 65432 = specified number of string players
str min	str min: 65432 = at least 65432
str max	str max: 65432 = not more than 65432
solo	vln solo = violin is the solo instrument in a work not obviously for solo violin