Symphony No. 3
by Einar Englund
Barbarossa
Description
Kolmannella sinfonialla Englundin palasi julkisuuteen pitkän hiljaisen kauden jälkeen, mutta teos jatkaa hänen jo aiemmin vakiinnuttamaansa uusklassista tyyliä. Se on toisen sinfonian kanssa luultavasti Englundin merkittävin sinfonia, säveltäjän itsensä mielestä jopa hänen pääteoksensa. Sinfonian henkisestä taustasta hän on todennut: ”Kolmas sinfoniani on - tietenkin alitajuisesti - sotapäiväkirja, katkera, riivattu, mahtipontinen!” Neljine osineen ja sonaattimuotoisine avausosineen se muodostaa kiinteästi sinfoniseen traditioon liittyvän kokonaisuuden. Toisena olevassa scherzossa Englundin melodiikka on kromaattisimmillaan. Teoksen painopiste on hidas osa, jossa siciliano-jaksot reunustavat keskivaiheen passacagliaa. Finaalina on nopealiikkeinen ja energinen fuuga.
© Kimmo Korhonen, 11/1998
Instrumentation 3332 4331 14 1, pno, str [pic, ehn, bcl.]
Instrument codes
Abbreviation | Instrument |
Woodwind | |
acl | alto clarinet |
afl | alto flute |
arec | alto recorder |
asax | alto saxophone |
barsax | baritone saxophone |
barhn | baritone horn |
bcl | bass clarinet |
bfl | bass flute |
bob | bass oboe |
bsax | bass saxophone |
bsn | bassoon |
cbsn | contrabassoon |
cl | clarinet |
ehn | English horn |
fl | flute |
hn | French horn |
ob | oboe |
pic | piccolo |
rec | recorder |
sax | saxophone |
srec | soprano recorder |
ssax | soprano saxophone |
trec | tenor recorder |
tsax | tenor saxophone |
Brass | |
ahn | alto horn |
atrb | altotrombone |
barhn | baritone horn |
btrb | bass trombone |
cornet | cornet |
euph | euphonium |
fhn | flugelhorn |
hn | French horn |
tba | tuuba |
thn | tenor horn |
trb | trombone |
trp | trumpet |
Percussion | |
dr | drums |
glock | glockenspiel |
mar | marimba |
perc | percussion |
timp | timpani |
vibr | vibraphone |
xyl | xylophone |
Strings | |
db | double bass |
gamba | viola da gamba |
str | strings |
vla | viola |
vlc | cello |
vln | violin |
Other | |
acc | accordion |
cel | celesta |
cemb | harpsichord |
chords | chords |
elbas | electric bass |
elg | electric guitar |
elorg | electric organ |
elpno | electric piano |
guit | guitar |
harm | harmonium |
hca | harmonica |
hp | harp |
instr | instrument |
kantele | kantele |
keyb | keyboard |
live electr | live electronics |
mand | mandolin |
mel | melody |
org | organ |
pno | piano |
synth | synthesizer |
tape | tape |
Vocal | |
alto | alto |
baryt | baritone |
basso | bass voice |
ch | choir |
chc | childrens choir |
chf | female choir |
chm | male choir |
chx | mixed choir |
cten | countertenor |
mezzo | mezzo-soprano |
sopr | soprano |
speaker | speaker |
ten | tenor |
voc | vocal |
Coding for instrument ensembles and orchestras
Symphony orchestra | |
2222 4331 11 1, str = 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 4 French horns, 3 trumpets, 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, one other percussionist, harp and strings |
Wind band | |
2252 3 423 21212 3 = 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 5 clarinets, 2 bassoons - 3 saxophones - 4 French horns, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones - 2 cornets, alto horn, 2 tenor horns, baritone horn, 2 tubas - 3 percussionists |
Big band | |
221 4 4, pno, guit, db, dr = 2 alto saxophones, 2 tenor saxophones, baritone saxophone, 4 trumpets, 4 trombones, piano, guitar, double bass, drums |
Additional codes | |
+ | fl+pic = flutist doubles on piccolo |
/ | pno/org = can be played on either piano or organ |
lib | ad libitum |
obl | obligato |
str | str: 65432 = specified number of string players |
str min | str min: 65432 = at least 65432 |
str max | str max: 65432 = not more than 65432 |
solo | vln solo = violin is the solo instrument in a work not obviously for solo violin |
Category Works for Orchestra or Large Ensemble
Premiere
Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra, cond. Jorma Panula, Helsinki, May 12, 1972, Fp: (revised version) Lahti Symphony Orchestra, cond. Ulf Söderblom, Lahti, April 20, 1989
Commisioned by / dedications Dedicated to Maynie Englund
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