Symphony No. 1
by Joonas Kokkonen
Description
The first symphony is the earliest orchestral of Kokkonen’s dodecaphonic period beginning with the first string quartet (1959). Although it is in four movements, its formal construction is unconventional. The moderato first movement grows out of the exposition of the material in two climatic waves. The Allegretto, mostly clear and translucent, serves as a scherzo. The third movement is a weighty allegro that dissolves straight into the slow closing movement. From then onwards, ending a symphony or indeed any work in several movements with a slow movement was to be a typical Kokkonen trait.
© Kimmo Korhonen, November 1998
(translated by © Susan Sinisalo, February 1999)
Ensimmäinen sinfonia on ensimmäisen jousikvarteton (1959) myötä alkaneen Kokkosen dodekafonisen kauden varhaisin orkesteriteos. Vaikka sinfonia on neliosainen, se on muodoltaan omaperäinen kokonaisuus. Keskitempoinen ensiosa kasvaa materiaalin esittelystä kahdeksi huipentavaksi aalloksi. Pääosin läpikuultava Allegretto on scherzon asemassa. Kolmantena on painokas Allegro, joka purkautuu huippukohdassaan suoraan hitaaseen päätösosaan. Sinfonian tai ylimalkaan moniosaisen teoksen päättäminen hitaaseen osaan tuli tästä lähtien tyypilliseksi Kokkoselle.
© Kimmo Korhonen, 11/1998
Instrumentation 3333 4330 10 0, str [fl+pic, ehn, bcl, cfag.]
Instrument codes
| Abbreviation | Instrument | Woodwind | | | acl | alto clarinet |
| afl | alto flute |
| arec | alto recorder |
| asax | alto saxophone |
| barsax | baritone saxophone |
| barhn | baritone horn |
| bcl | bass clarinet |
| bfl | bass flute |
| bob | bass oboe |
| bsax | bass saxophone |
| bsn | bassoon |
| cbsn | contrabassoon |
| cl | clarinet |
| ehn | English horn |
| fl | flute |
| hn | French horn |
| ob | oboe |
| pic | piccolo |
| rec | recorder |
| sax | saxophone |
| srec | soprano recorder |
| ssax | soprano saxophone |
| trec | tenor recorder |
| tsax | tenor saxophone |
Brass | | | ahn | alto horn |
| atrb | altotrombone |
| barhn | baritone horn |
| btrb | bass trombone |
| cornet | cornet |
| euph | euphonium |
| fhn | flugelhorn |
| hn | French horn |
| tba | tuuba |
| thn | tenor horn |
| trb | trombone |
| trp | trumpet |
Percussion | | | dr | drums |
| glock | glockenspiel |
| mar | marimba |
| perc | percussion |
| timp | timpani |
| vibr | vibraphone |
| xyl | xylophone |
Strings | | | db | double bass |
| gamba | viola da gamba |
| str | strings |
| vla | viola |
| vlc | cello |
| vln | violin |
Other | | | acc | accordion |
| cel | celesta |
| cemb | harpsichord |
| chords | chords |
| elbas | electric bass |
| elg | electric guitar |
| elorg | electric organ |
| elpno | electric piano |
| guit | guitar |
| harm | harmonium |
| hca | harmonica |
| hp | harp |
| instr | instrument |
| kantele | kantele |
| keyb | keyboard |
| live electr | live electronics |
| mand | mandolin |
| mel | melody |
| org | organ |
| pno | piano |
| synth | synthesizer |
| tape | tape |
Vocal | | | alto | alto |
| baryt | baritone |
| basso | bass voice |
| ch | choir |
| chc | childrens choir |
| chf | female choir |
| chm | male choir |
| chx | mixed choir |
| cten | countertenor |
| mezzo | mezzo-soprano |
| sopr | soprano |
| speaker | speaker |
| ten | tenor |
| voc | vocal |
Coding for instrument ensembles and orchestras
| Symphony orchestra | | | 2222 4331 11 1, str = 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 4 French horns, 3 trumpets, 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, one other percussionist, harp and strings |
Wind band | | | 2252 3 423 21212 3 = 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 5 clarinets, 2 bassoons - 3 saxophones - 4 French horns, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones - 2 cornets, alto horn, 2 tenor horns, baritone horn, 2 tubas - 3 percussionists |
Big band | | | 221 4 4, pno, guit, db, dr = 2 alto saxophones, 2 tenor saxophones, baritone saxophone, 4 trumpets, 4 trombones, piano, guitar, double bass, drums |
Additional codes | | | + | fl+pic = flutist doubles on piccolo |
| / | pno/org = can be played on either piano or organ |
| lib | ad libitum |
| obl | obligato |
| str | str: 65432 = specified number of string players |
| str min | str min: 65432 = at least 65432 |
| str max | str max: 65432 = not more than 65432 |
| solo | vln solo = violin is the solo instrument in a work not obviously for solo violin |
Category Works for Orchestra or Large Ensemble
Premiere
Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra, cond. Paavo Berglund, Helsinki (Finland), 15 Mar 1960
Movements 1. Moderato2. Allegretto3. Allegro (attacca)4. Adagio
Commisioned by / dedications Commissioned by the Finnish Broadcasting Company
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