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I have often likened the composer to a gardener: both are observers and overseers of organic growth rather than builders or assemblers of ready parts and elements. I would, furthermore, like my compositions to resemble an 'English garden', free-growing and organic, as opposed to a 'French garden', geometrically trimmed in angular shapes. These sentiments are possibly due to the fact that the work was commissioned by a British orchestra for an English festival.The name of the work is a quotation from the libretto of my opera The House of the Sun: 'like a butterfly in a dark autumn garden'. The motif to which these words are sung is the theme for the variations in the first movement. Their texture gradually grows and quickens. Following on without a break is a slow, poetic movement of even rhythms and dynamics. The quick, lively finale begins giocoso e leggiero. But autumn is also a time of colour, and of death. At the end the music thus turns into a festive dance con grandezza. Maybe it bears the echo of a sarabande to the dying splendour of summer - or as TS. Eliot put it: 'late oses filled with early snow'.© Einojuhani RautavaaraOlen usein verrannut säveltämistä puutarhurin työhön: molemmissa seurataan ja valvotaan orgaanista kasvua - ei niinkään rakenneta tai kokoonpanna valmiista osista ja elementeistä. Haluaisin myös sävellykseni muistuttavan niin sanottua 'englantilaista puutarhaa', vapaasti kasvavaa ja orgaanista, erotukseksi 'ranskalaisesta puutarhasta', geometriseksi leikatusta ja kulmikkaasta. Noihin ajatuksiin johti ehkä se, että teos oli brittiläisen orkesterin tilaus englantilaiselle festivaalille.Sävellyksen nimi on peräisin Auringon talo -oopperani libretosta, sanoista 'kuin syksyn mustan puutarhassa perhonen...'. Motiivi, jolla nuo sanat lauletaan, on teemana ensimmäisen osan muunnelmissa. Niiden tekstuuri kasvaa ja asteittain. Ilman taukoa seuraa rytmisesti ja dynaamisesti tasainen, runollinen hidas osa. Eloisa, nopea finaali avautuu giocoso e leggiero. Mutta syksy on myös ruskan, pakkasen ja kuoleman aikaa. Niinpä lopussa musiikki muuttuu juhlalliseksi tanssiksi con grandezza. Ehkä silloin kuullaan sarabande kesän kuolevalle kukoistukselle - eli T.S. Eliotin sanoilla 'late roses filled with early snow' - myöhäiset ruusut täynnä varhaista lunta.© Einojuhani Rautavaara

Year of composing

Arranger

Movements

Availability

Abbreviation	Instrument
Woodwind
acl	alto clarinet
afl	alto flute
arec	alto recorder
asax	alto saxophone
barsax	baritone saxophone
barhn	baritone horn
bcl	bass clarinet
bfl	bass flute
bob	bass oboe
bsax	bass saxophone
bsn	bassoon
cbsn	contrabassoon
cl	clarinet
ehn	English horn
fl	flute
hn	French horn
ob	oboe
pic	piccolo
rec	recorder
sax	saxophone
srec	soprano recorder
ssax	soprano saxophone
trec	tenor recorder
tsax	tenor saxophone
Brass
ahn	alto horn
atrb	altotrombone
barhn	baritone horn
btrb	bass trombone
cornet	cornet
euph	euphonium
fhn	flugelhorn
hn	French horn
tba	tuuba
thn	tenor horn
trb	trombone
trp	trumpet
Percussion
dr	drums
glock	glockenspiel
mar	marimba
perc	percussion
timp	timpani
vibr	vibraphone
xyl	xylophone
Strings
db	double bass
gamba	viola da gamba
str	strings
vla	viola
vlc	cello
vln	violin
Other
acc	accordion
cel	celesta
cemb	harpsichord
chords	chords
elbas	electric bass
elg	electric guitar
elorg	electric organ
elpno	electric piano
guit	guitar
harm	harmonium
hca	harmonica
hp	harp
instr	instrument
kantele	kantele
keyb	keyboard
live electr	live electronics
mand	mandolin
mel	melody
org	organ
pno	piano
synth	synthesizer
tape	tape
Vocal
alto	alto
baryt	baritone
basso	bass voice
ch	choir
chc	childrens choir
chf	female choir
chm	male choir
chx	mixed choir
cten	countertenor
mezzo	mezzo-soprano
sopr	soprano
speaker	speaker
ten	tenor
voc	vocal

Symphony orchestra
2222 4331 11 1, str = 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 4 French horns, 3 trumpets, 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, one other percussionist, harp and strings
Wind band
2252 3 423 21212 3 = 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 5 clarinets, 2 bassoons - 3 saxophones - 4 French horns, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones - 2 cornets, alto horn, 2 tenor horns, baritone horn, 2 tubas - 3 percussionists
Big band
221 4 4, pno, guit, db, dr = 2 alto saxophones, 2 tenor saxophones, baritone saxophone, 4 trumpets, 4 trombones, piano, guitar, double bass, drums
Additional codes
+	fl+pic = flutist doubles on piccolo
/	pno/org = can be played on either piano or organ
lib	ad libitum
obl	obligato
str	str: 65432 = specified number of string players
str min	str min: 65432 = at least 65432
str max	str max: 65432 = not more than 65432
solo	vln solo = violin is the solo instrument in a work not obviously for solo violin

Autumn Gardens