Music Finland Core

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The Moors called Spain for Al-Andalus, a name which is up to the present day in use as Andalucía. In 711, the Moorish arrival made a strong impression on Spanish culture. Arab musical treatments were translated into Latin and disseminated throughout Spain and Arab musicians performed in Christian courts. The courts were important forces in the studies of music and, for example, Alfonso X (1221-1284) engaged the services of Castilian, Galician, Jewish and Muslim musicians. One could speak about a true multicultural activity. During the Spanish-Moorish period, important music schools have been founded, each of them with its own performing styles: Granada, Córdoba, Valencia and Seville. After the fall of the Moorish empire, these schools have been established in present Morocco (Fez, Tetouan, Meknez and Chefchaouen). Spain served as a gateway for a number of musical instruments used in Western music, particularly in Spanish music. Moorish music had a tremendous influence on the birth of flamenco, early Christian music, such as the Cantigas de Santa Maria, and later on, the nuba, which could be considered as a predecessor of the barock suite. This genre is still the most important musical form in the classical Arab music of North Africa. Among the significant instruments used in Western music, two of them are certainly of Arabian heritage: The lute (and its successor, the guitar) and several forms of horizontal folk harps (deviants from the qanun), among them the Finnish folk harp Kantele. My suite "14 images of Moorish Spain" is a tribute to this illustrious culture. I combined (as it may have been practised in the Moorish period) different genuine styles with somewhat more contemporary attempts (in the spirit of the Moorish musicians). TOTAL DURATION: ca. 33 minutes. If for some reasons, there is no possibility to perform the entire suite, the following combinations should be chosen: 1,4,5,7,8,11,14 or 1,2,5,6,7,9,10,13,14 (whatever combination you choose, 1, 7 and 14 must always be included. Note: Because the guitarist has to retune there and then the sixth string, the Kantele could fill these spaces with small improvisations to make the changes more flowing. Another possibility is the use of guitars, one tuned to EADGBE and the other DADGBE. - Herman Rechberger -

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Abbreviation	Instrument
Woodwind
acl	alto clarinet
afl	alto flute
arec	alto recorder
asax	alto saxophone
barsax	baritone saxophone
barhn	baritone horn
bcl	bass clarinet
bfl	bass flute
bob	bass oboe
bsax	bass saxophone
bsn	bassoon
cbsn	contrabassoon
cl	clarinet
ehn	English horn
fl	flute
hn	French horn
ob	oboe
pic	piccolo
rec	recorder
sax	saxophone
srec	soprano recorder
ssax	soprano saxophone
trec	tenor recorder
tsax	tenor saxophone
Brass
ahn	alto horn
atrb	altotrombone
barhn	baritone horn
btrb	bass trombone
cornet	cornet
euph	euphonium
fhn	flugelhorn
hn	French horn
tba	tuuba
thn	tenor horn
trb	trombone
trp	trumpet
Percussion
dr	drums
glock	glockenspiel
mar	marimba
perc	percussion
timp	timpani
vibr	vibraphone
xyl	xylophone
Strings
db	double bass
gamba	viola da gamba
str	strings
vla	viola
vlc	cello
vln	violin
Other
acc	accordion
cel	celesta
cemb	harpsichord
chords	chords
elbas	electric bass
elg	electric guitar
elorg	electric organ
elpno	electric piano
guit	guitar
harm	harmonium
hca	harmonica
hp	harp
instr	instrument
kantele	kantele
keyb	keyboard
live electr	live electronics
mand	mandolin
mel	melody
org	organ
pno	piano
synth	synthesizer
tape	tape
Vocal
alto	alto
baryt	baritone
basso	bass voice
ch	choir
chc	childrens choir
chf	female choir
chm	male choir
chx	mixed choir
cten	countertenor
mezzo	mezzo-soprano
sopr	soprano
speaker	speaker
ten	tenor
voc	vocal

Symphony orchestra
2222 4331 11 1, str = 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 4 French horns, 3 trumpets, 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, one other percussionist, harp and strings
Wind band
2252 3 423 21212 3 = 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 5 clarinets, 2 bassoons - 3 saxophones - 4 French horns, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones - 2 cornets, alto horn, 2 tenor horns, baritone horn, 2 tubas - 3 percussionists
Big band
221 4 4, pno, guit, db, dr = 2 alto saxophones, 2 tenor saxophones, baritone saxophone, 4 trumpets, 4 trombones, piano, guitar, double bass, drums
Additional codes
+	fl+pic = flutist doubles on piccolo
/	pno/org = can be played on either piano or organ
lib	ad libitum
obl	obligato
str	str: 65432 = specified number of string players
str min	str min: 65432 = at least 65432
str max	str max: 65432 = not more than 65432
solo	vln solo = violin is the solo instrument in a work not obviously for solo violin

Al Andaluz