Music Finland Core

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The short orchestral work Silence was a Finnish Broadcasting Company commission. It is based in part on the choral setting of a poem of the same name by Otto Manninen. It should not however be regarded as an interpretation of the poem. Its function is also to serve as an orchestral introduction to the violin concerto. The music’s timbre-textural fields prepare a dark and distant backcloth from which the concerto’s opening melody bursts forth without a pause. The remote silence and hazy world of the work’s opening is broken open by the cutting dissonances of trumpets, trombone and organ coming from outside the hall. The introspective atmosphere of the opening does not survive. Instead the music is gradually shattered, as if in slow-motion. © Kalevi Aho, 1990 Lyhyt orkesteriteos Hiljaisuus on Yleisradion tilausteos. Se perustuu osittain samannimiseen Otto Mannisen runoon sävellettyyn kuorolauluun. Orkesteriteos ei kuitenkaan ole Mannisen runon tulkinta. Hiljaisuus on myös sävelletty johdantomusiikiksi viulukonserttoon. Hiljaisuuden sointikenttämusiikilla luodaan konsertolle etäinen ja tummasävyinen taustatunnelma, josta konserton avausmelodia puhkeaa esiin ilman taukoa. Teoksen alun perin eristynyt hiljaisuuden ja hämärän maailma repeytyy rikki salin ulkopuolelta kantautuvista trumpettien, pasuunan ja urkujen voimakkaista dissonansseista. Alun sulkeutunut tunnelma ei säily, vaan musiikki ikään kuin luhistuu hidastetusti. © Kalevi Aho, 1990 Das kurze Orchesterstück Hiljaisuus (Stille) ist ein Auftragswerk des finnischen Rundfunks. Es fusst teilweise auf dem gleichnamigen Chorlied zu den Worten Otto Manninens, ist jedoch keine Interpretation des Gedischts von Manninen. Die Stille wurde auch als Introduktion zum Violinkonzert komponiert. Mit den Klangflächenmusik der Stille kann eine distanzierte und dunkel gefärbte Hintergrundstimmung zum Konzert geschaffen werden, aus der die Anfangsmelodie des Konzerts ohne Paus hervorbricht. Die Abgeschiedene Welt der Stille und Dämmerung am Anfang des Werks wird zerrissen durch die von ausserhalb des Saales hereinklingenden scharfen Dissonanzen der Trompeten, Posaune und Orgel. Die introvertierte Stimmung des Anfangs hält sich nicht, sondern die Musik fällt gleichsam verlangsamt in sich zusammen. © Kalevi Aho, 1990

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Abbreviation	Instrument
Woodwind
acl	alto clarinet
afl	alto flute
arec	alto recorder
asax	alto saxophone
barsax	baritone saxophone
barhn	baritone horn
bcl	bass clarinet
bfl	bass flute
bob	bass oboe
bsax	bass saxophone
bsn	bassoon
cbsn	contrabassoon
cl	clarinet
ehn	English horn
fl	flute
hn	French horn
ob	oboe
pic	piccolo
rec	recorder
sax	saxophone
srec	soprano recorder
ssax	soprano saxophone
trec	tenor recorder
tsax	tenor saxophone
Brass
ahn	alto horn
atrb	altotrombone
barhn	baritone horn
btrb	bass trombone
cornet	cornet
euph	euphonium
fhn	flugelhorn
hn	French horn
tba	tuuba
thn	tenor horn
trb	trombone
trp	trumpet
Percussion
dr	drums
glock	glockenspiel
mar	marimba
perc	percussion
timp	timpani
vibr	vibraphone
xyl	xylophone
Strings
db	double bass
gamba	viola da gamba
str	strings
vla	viola
vlc	cello
vln	violin
Other
acc	accordion
cel	celesta
cemb	harpsichord
chords	chords
elbas	electric bass
elg	electric guitar
elorg	electric organ
elpno	electric piano
guit	guitar
harm	harmonium
hca	harmonica
hp	harp
instr	instrument
kantele	kantele
keyb	keyboard
live electr	live electronics
mand	mandolin
mel	melody
org	organ
pno	piano
synth	synthesizer
tape	tape
Vocal
alto	alto
baryt	baritone
basso	bass voice
ch	choir
chc	childrens choir
chf	female choir
chm	male choir
chx	mixed choir
cten	countertenor
mezzo	mezzo-soprano
sopr	soprano
speaker	speaker
ten	tenor
voc	vocal

Symphony orchestra
2222 4331 11 1, str = 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 4 French horns, 3 trumpets, 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, one other percussionist, harp and strings
Wind band
2252 3 423 21212 3 = 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 5 clarinets, 2 bassoons - 3 saxophones - 4 French horns, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones - 2 cornets, alto horn, 2 tenor horns, baritone horn, 2 tubas - 3 percussionists
Big band
221 4 4, pno, guit, db, dr = 2 alto saxophones, 2 tenor saxophones, baritone saxophone, 4 trumpets, 4 trombones, piano, guitar, double bass, drums
Additional codes
+	fl+pic = flutist doubles on piccolo
/	pno/org = can be played on either piano or organ
lib	ad libitum
obl	obligato
str	str: 65432 = specified number of string players
str min	str min: 65432 = at least 65432
str max	str max: 65432 = not more than 65432
solo	vln solo = violin is the solo instrument in a work not obviously for solo violin