Music Finland Core

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Jeu I was commissioned by the Association of Finnish Soloists for Mika[el] Helasvuo, and around the same time I wrote Jeu II for violin and piano — a comission from the Finnish Broadcasting Company. The two works are very close relations to one another. The series of Discantus works for soloist explore the potential of multi-layered music on a single instrument. The Jeux also contain a multiplicity of layers for one instrument (e.g. the form abc–aXbYcZ–XYZ in the metrical structure binding the characters together), but they are marked by movement in the opposite direction, i.e. the interweaving of two instruments to form a single unbroken, polychromatic line. The growing length and complexity of the phrasing proceed hand in hand with the shift in the relationship between the instruments. The basic state consists of short, often symmetrical phrases in which the instruments either converse or merge.At the second stage slightly more complex phrases crystallise around sharp impulses in which one instrument clearly reacts to changes in the other’s timbre.At the third stage the long, unbroken line of the solo instrument proceeds in step with the long, unbroken piano line nevertheless keeping its distance.At the fourth stage there are two simultaneous polychromatic lines, neither of which is identical to either of the instrumental parts but which constantly intersect one another. Jeu I has clearly discernible sections that could be called an opening movement, a slow movement, a scherzo and a finale, though the transition is gradual. The basic events guiding the form are, however, the syntactical accumulation and the progress of the timbre material further and further away from the central area, until it borders on the grotesque — and timbre is here the complex phenomenon embracing a host of dynamic, melodic-harmonic and microrhythmical features. In the epiloque the melodic-harmonic happening occupies the foreground and the work ends in pastoral-Arcadion mood.© Paavo Heininen(from Ondine ODE 742-2)La struttura base di Jeu I consiste di quattro diverse fasi musicali, create dalle molteplici relazioni che intercorrono fra il flauto ed il pianoforte. Allo stato iniziale gli strumenti conversano o si amalgamano in frasi musicali brevi e spesso simmetriche. Nella seconda fase le frasi si rendono più complesse cristallizzandosi intorno a chiari impulsi ritmici e di modificazione del timbro. Quindi, la terza fase presenta due simultanee linee solistiche che, pur procedendo di pari passo, mantengono una reciproca distanza legandosi alle proprie ed inconfondibili caratteristiche strumentali. Infine, nell’ultima sezione due linee policromatiche, anch’esse strumentalmente distanti, si intersecano vicendevolmente.Le quattro sezioni di Jeu I possono essere definite anche come introduzione, movimento lento, scherzo e finale.© Paavo Heininen

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Movements

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Abbreviation	Instrument
Woodwind
acl	alto clarinet
afl	alto flute
arec	alto recorder
asax	alto saxophone
barsax	baritone saxophone
barhn	baritone horn
bcl	bass clarinet
bfl	bass flute
bob	bass oboe
bsax	bass saxophone
bsn	bassoon
cbsn	contrabassoon
cl	clarinet
ehn	English horn
fl	flute
hn	French horn
ob	oboe
pic	piccolo
rec	recorder
sax	saxophone
srec	soprano recorder
ssax	soprano saxophone
trec	tenor recorder
tsax	tenor saxophone
Brass
ahn	alto horn
atrb	altotrombone
barhn	baritone horn
btrb	bass trombone
cornet	cornet
euph	euphonium
fhn	flugelhorn
hn	French horn
tba	tuuba
thn	tenor horn
trb	trombone
trp	trumpet
Percussion
dr	drums
glock	glockenspiel
mar	marimba
perc	percussion
timp	timpani
vibr	vibraphone
xyl	xylophone
Strings
db	double bass
gamba	viola da gamba
str	strings
vla	viola
vlc	cello
vln	violin
Other
acc	accordion
cel	celesta
cemb	harpsichord
chords	chords
elbas	electric bass
elg	electric guitar
elorg	electric organ
elpno	electric piano
guit	guitar
harm	harmonium
hca	harmonica
hp	harp
instr	instrument
kantele	kantele
keyb	keyboard
live electr	live electronics
mand	mandolin
mel	melody
org	organ
pno	piano
synth	synthesizer
tape	tape
Vocal
alto	alto
baryt	baritone
basso	bass voice
ch	choir
chc	childrens choir
chf	female choir
chm	male choir
chx	mixed choir
cten	countertenor
mezzo	mezzo-soprano
sopr	soprano
speaker	speaker
ten	tenor
voc	vocal

Symphony orchestra
2222 4331 11 1, str = 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 4 French horns, 3 trumpets, 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, one other percussionist, harp and strings
Wind band
2252 3 423 21212 3 = 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 5 clarinets, 2 bassoons - 3 saxophones - 4 French horns, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones - 2 cornets, alto horn, 2 tenor horns, baritone horn, 2 tubas - 3 percussionists
Big band
221 4 4, pno, guit, db, dr = 2 alto saxophones, 2 tenor saxophones, baritone saxophone, 4 trumpets, 4 trombones, piano, guitar, double bass, drums
Additional codes
+	fl+pic = flutist doubles on piccolo
/	pno/org = can be played on either piano or organ
lib	ad libitum
obl	obligato
str	str: 65432 = specified number of string players
str min	str min: 65432 = at least 65432
str max	str max: 65432 = not more than 65432
solo	vln solo = violin is the solo instrument in a work not obviously for solo violin