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The violin concerto might be described as innocently lyrical. It is in three movements. The first, Allegro moderato, sounds a challenge, a combination of five notes, which constitutes the motto of the work, and to this the violin replies. After an interlude from the orchestra, the violin plays the main theme of the movement and this leads on to the widely spaced intervals of the central section. These in turn provide the ingredients of the final part of the movement.Of the second and third movements the composer writes: “The slow movement (Moderato) is in three parts. After a powerful introduction the music becomes hushed and the solo violin weaves a pattern of long melodic curves. The rondo-like finale (Allegro molto) might perhaps be compared to a Mozart allegro, advancing from beginning to end in the same tempo with the lightness of a feather. Only the cadenza offers the necessary contrast.”The Concerto per violino ed orchestra was composed in the summer of 1981 when Englund was holidaying on the island of Gotland in Sweden. It was commissioned by The Association of Finnish Symphony Orchestras.© Pekka Hako, 1986(from Finlandia FACD 343, 1986)Viulukonserttoa voisi luonnehtia viattoman lyyriseksi. Siinä on kolme osaa. Ensimmäinen osa Allegro moderato kajauttaa haastavasti teoksen moton, viisisävelisen intervalliyhdistelman, johon sooloviulu vastaa. Orkesterivälisoiton jälkeen sooloviulu esittelee osan pääteeman, joka johtaa välitaitteen laajoihin intervalleihin. Ne puolestaan antavat ainekset ensimmasen osan loppujaksoon.Toisesta ja kolmannesta osasta säveltäjä kirjoittaa: ”Hidas osa (Moderato) on kolmijalkoinen. Voimakkaan alkujohdannon jälkeen musiikki hiljenee ja sooloviulu punoo pitkiä melodisia kaaria. Rondomuotoista finaalia (Allegro molto) voitaisiin ehkä verrata mozartmaiseen allegroon, joka höyhenenkevyesti etenee samassa tempossa alusta loppuun. Ainoastaan kadenssi tarjoaa tälle tarvittavan kontrastin.”Concerto per violino ed orchestra on sävelletty kesällä 1981 säveltäjän lomaillessa Ruotsissa, Gotlannissa. Teos on Suomen sinfoniaorkesterit ry:n tilaus.© Pekka Hako, 1986(äänitteeltä Finlandia FACD 343, 1986)

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Movements

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Abbreviation	Instrument
Woodwind
acl	alto clarinet
afl	alto flute
arec	alto recorder
asax	alto saxophone
barsax	baritone saxophone
barhn	baritone horn
bcl	bass clarinet
bfl	bass flute
bob	bass oboe
bsax	bass saxophone
bsn	bassoon
cbsn	contrabassoon
cl	clarinet
ehn	English horn
fl	flute
hn	French horn
ob	oboe
pic	piccolo
rec	recorder
sax	saxophone
srec	soprano recorder
ssax	soprano saxophone
trec	tenor recorder
tsax	tenor saxophone
Brass
ahn	alto horn
atrb	altotrombone
barhn	baritone horn
btrb	bass trombone
cornet	cornet
euph	euphonium
fhn	flugelhorn
hn	French horn
tba	tuuba
thn	tenor horn
trb	trombone
trp	trumpet
Percussion
dr	drums
glock	glockenspiel
mar	marimba
perc	percussion
timp	timpani
vibr	vibraphone
xyl	xylophone
Strings
db	double bass
gamba	viola da gamba
str	strings
vla	viola
vlc	cello
vln	violin
Other
acc	accordion
cel	celesta
cemb	harpsichord
chords	chords
elbas	electric bass
elg	electric guitar
elorg	electric organ
elpno	electric piano
guit	guitar
harm	harmonium
hca	harmonica
hp	harp
instr	instrument
kantele	kantele
keyb	keyboard
live electr	live electronics
mand	mandolin
mel	melody
org	organ
pno	piano
synth	synthesizer
tape	tape
Vocal
alto	alto
baryt	baritone
basso	bass voice
ch	choir
chc	childrens choir
chf	female choir
chm	male choir
chx	mixed choir
cten	countertenor
mezzo	mezzo-soprano
sopr	soprano
speaker	speaker
ten	tenor
voc	vocal

Symphony orchestra
2222 4331 11 1, str = 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 4 French horns, 3 trumpets, 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, one other percussionist, harp and strings
Wind band
2252 3 423 21212 3 = 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 5 clarinets, 2 bassoons - 3 saxophones - 4 French horns, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones - 2 cornets, alto horn, 2 tenor horns, baritone horn, 2 tubas - 3 percussionists
Big band
221 4 4, pno, guit, db, dr = 2 alto saxophones, 2 tenor saxophones, baritone saxophone, 4 trumpets, 4 trombones, piano, guitar, double bass, drums
Additional codes
+	fl+pic = flutist doubles on piccolo
/	pno/org = can be played on either piano or organ
lib	ad libitum
obl	obligato
str	str: 65432 = specified number of string players
str min	str min: 65432 = at least 65432
str max	str max: 65432 = not more than 65432
solo	vln solo = violin is the solo instrument in a work not obviously for solo violin

Concerto for Violin and Orchestra