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Aura
by Magnus Lindberg
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<p>My first orchestral piece, Sculpture II, written in 1980–81, was a monstrous attempt to create a dense orchestral texture and required two conductors in performance. The project was originally conceived in three movements (Trois sculptures), but due to the complexity I was able to achieve only the middle section of the work.</p><p>I returned to the symphony orchestra in 1983, when I started work on Kraft, which was completed in 1985. I was still obsessed by the large apparatus of the late Romantics (Mahler, Strauss, et al.) and wanted to outdo them. I included six soloists and live electronics in an attempt to control the entire aural space. The orchestra was augmented by a massive array of unconventional percussion instruments, most of them devised from material picked up in scrapyards.</p><p>Between 1989 and 19911 wrote three works — Kinetics, Marea and Joy — each displaying a different attitude towards orchestral writing. Kinetics, scored for a full-size symphony orchestra, represented a new departure for me. In Sculpture and Kraft I had organized the music in terms of blocks of sound and percussive units, but for Kinetics I was seeking a more sonorous harmonic language, in which the orchestral timbres would relate more directly to the harmony. Marea requires a classical orchestra of the kind familiar to Mozart and Beethoven. I was becoming more and more interested in clarity of texture. With Joy I set out to create the sound of a full orchestra, but with only twenty-three players and live electronics.</p><p>My next orchestral piece was Corrente II, composed in 1992. Here I wanted to explore a continuous texture expressed in a variety of sound combinations ranging between chamber groupings and a full symphony orchestra.</p><p>Aura is in some ways a synthesis of all these different approaches to orchestral writing. It is self-evident that with a larger-scale work the composer is more concerned with matters of form and the need to establish a balance between the needs of form and of content.</p><p>One composer this century to have refreshed the relationship between form and content is Witold Lutoslawski. His concept of a two-part structure, in which the material is first presented simply and unadorned and then developed into a rounded entity, offered a genuine and clear approach to the question of form.</p><p>The structure of Aura might lead one to refer to it as a symphony. However, it is not a symphony. Perhaps ‘concerto for orchestra’ would be more appropriate as a description. But it is not that either. Individual instruments and groups of instruments are treated in a virtuosic way, yet that attitude is more a result of the treatment of the material than of an approach to instrumental writing.</p><p>Aura has four movements, played without a break. The first movement can almost stand alone. It is rich in material and alternates tutti sections with soloistic passages for groups of instruments. The second movement opens with an archaic-sounding chorale for the brass; this slowly develops into harsh chords, alternating with a more ornamented texture which reflects a different view of the same harmonic material. This textural tension is gradually resolved as the basic characteristics of the material disappear — reminiscent of Beethoven’s development sections, where he tends to destroy the essence of his original themes.</p><p>The third movement assembles a number of quirky, mechanical ostinatos, which are bound together by an unremitting perpetuum mobile. The material is handled kaleidoscopically, allowing apparently random juxtapositions and developments. In the final movement, this meandering motion is given a direction and the music evolves from rather minimalist, background patterns into a toccata-like texture, not unlike the form of resolution to be found in Prokofiev’s late piano sonatas. This culminates in a dense, hectic passage, similar to climaxes engineered by Stravinsky or Skryabin. This polyrhythmic march becomes a kind of magnet, attracting to it material explored earlier in the work.</p><p>The epilogue is an intense chorale for the high strings, based on one of the important motifs in the work. major thirds doubled over many octaves simultaneously.</p><p>While I was working on Aura, I heard the news of the death of Witold Lutoslawski. I wanted to honour him and dedicating Aura to his memory was the most appropriate way of doing so.</p><p>© Magnus Lindberg, 1995</p><p>(for the English premiere in Aldeburgh Festival of Music and Arts, June 1995)</p><p>Aura é uma obra monumental, de extensa duração; parece destinada a ser a síntese dos anos 90 de Lindberg, da mesma forma que Kraft foi a sua síntese dos anos 80.</p><p>Aura tem quatro andamentos, mas é interpretada sem interrupções. A sua extensão e riqueza interiores dão-lhe uma dimensão quase sinfónica. Todavia, Lindberg salientou que esta obra não é nem uma sinfonia nem um concerto para orquestra. A obra, tecnicamente, exige muitos dos intérpretes, o que, segundo a explicação de Lindberg, deve-se mais ao processamento do material musical do que a uma abordagem instrumental.</p><p>O 1o andamento, que começa nas profundezas dos registos baixos, tal como o roncar de um vulcão, é a combinação de aspectos da música orquestral e de câmara. Lindberg disse que o primeiro andamento poderia perfeitamente permanecer sozinho, como um trabalho independente. O seu magnífico acorde final mistura-se aos pilares harmónicos austeramente arcaicos do 2.o andamento, o qual, se seguirmos o modelo sinfónico, funciona como o andamento lento.</p><p>O 3.o andamento é composto por vários ostinati, gerando uma energia cinética que determina e o culminar polirítmico arrebatador do andamento final, de grande efeito. Esta pico de tensão é seguido de um curto mas tocante epílogo dominado pelas cordas de influência sonora, sem dúvida alguma Sibeliana, reminiscente da 6.a e 7.a Sinfonias e Tapiola.</p><p>Aura é, até hoje, o mais longo trabalho de Lindberg e uma das principais questões da sua criação foi a construção de uma estrutura que sustente o conteúdo – neste caso, também, a associação a Sibelius é evidente, especialmente no que diz respeito à 7.a Sinfonia.</p><p>© Kimmo Korhonen, 1993</p><p>(Nos confins da Europa)</p><p>(for the premiere in Portugal)</p>
Year of composing
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Duration
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Edlund G.W.
[withdrawn; song 2-3 lost]
Musica experta
Antti Sarpila Oy
Chorus
Lasten Keskus
Atena
Robert Lienau Musikverlag
Sikorski
Schirmer
Savonlinna Opera Festival
Musiikki Andante
Akademiska musikförlaget
Suvini Zerboni
Ascolta Music Publishing
Päivä
Musiikki-Pukkila
Publisher: in 1962 as MC facsimile in a journal “Ruoveden Joulu 1962”
Edition Eero Nallinmaa
Suomalaisen kirjallisuuden seura
Kustannus-Toimisto Tieto
Raittiuskansan kirjapaino
F-Musiikki
Finlands svenska sång-och musikförbund
Kansallinen kirjakauppa
Bluebird Music Oy AB
julk. Karjal. kultt. edistämissäätiö
Carlander Torsten
Ortodoksisen kirjallisuuden julkaisuneuvosto
Leduc
E. Pietiläinen
YLE
Publisher: (songs 1-2) 1904, Lindgren
Music Ilari
Chappell Music ltd
Antero Hytinkoski
Acta Musica
Publisher: Kirkon jumalanpalvelus- ja musiikkitoiminnan keskus
Elkan & Schildknecht
Filarmonica
Otto Murentini Ky
Publisher: Viitanen Music Edition Oy
Robert King Music Sales
julk. Förlaget Bro
7ikko-kustannus Ay
Opus Musicus
Ambitone Oy
Liewendal
Barents
Annie Bank
Hohner Verlag
Simrock
EK-Production Oy
Prima vista
Boosey & Hawkes
Publisher: Lahti Male Choir
Fazer, Valitut palat
[not available]
Sicron Musikverlag
Warner/Chappell
Edda Music
Dallapé Kustannus Oy
Published in Laulukerho IV, Otava 1951
Edda Music
Sibelius-Akatemian kansanmusiikin osasto
Toivo Kuula -seura & Sulasol
Palonen Kalle
Edition Gehrman
Nils-Georgs Musikförlags Ab
MAHTAAKO OLLA OLEMASSA?
Viipurin lauluveikot
Polytech Choir
Finlands svenska Kyrkosångsför
Hug
Lundholm
F-Kustannus
Published in compilation Uudet Siionin Laulut ja Virret (1975)
Edition 7
Brages förlag / Sulasol
Chester Music
Billaudot
Skandinavisk Musikförlag
Muntra Musikanter
Isdatelctvo "Musika"
julk. Bruk, Fridrich
Edition Musact
Like (julk.)
Brages förlag
Henry Lemoine
Suomen Sinfoniaorkesterit ry
Suomen kunnallisliitto
Rautatien Soittajat
Ricordi
Published in compilation Siionin Laulut (Suomen Rauhanyhdistysten Keskusyhdistys 1977)
Naiskuoroliitto
Helsingin ortodoksinen seurakunta
Publisher: SHI
Heikki Sarmanto music shop
Evankelis-luterilainen yhdisty
Lundquist
Ostinato
Published in Chorus series 14, Fazer (1961)
Publisher: Musikverlag Josef Weinberger
Compozitor Publishing House
Suomen Kanttori-urkuriliitto
Finnish Accordion Teachers' Association
Noteline
Karjalan Laulu
Weltmusik
Herättäjä-yhdistys
United Music Publshing Ltd
Artemusa
Published in Laulukerho V (Otava 1958)
Imudico
[lost, only a sketch exists]
The Academy of Finnish Art Song
Bo Ejeby Förlag
Edition Eres
Holms Förlag
Tactus, Sulasol
Suomen kirkkomusiikkiliitto ry
Published in compilation Siionin Laulut ja Virret (Suomen Rauhanyhdistysten Keskusyhdistys 1963)
Weilin & Göös
Augener
Alouettes Editions Sarl
Valistus
Aikamedia
Finnish Accordion Institute
Edition Durand
Divertimento
Edition Elvis
Pelastakaa Lapset ry
Publisher: Pirkan musiikkituotanto Oy
Third prize in Luses Big Band Competition in 1987
Not available
SatnaMusic Publishing
Published by the composer
Helsingfors Nya Musikhandel
H.N.White
Körlings Förlag
Publisher: Viitanen Music Edition Oy (1975 version)
Hämeen läänin taidetoimikunta
Dorn Publications
Tuba-Euphonium Press
Bärenreiter
Published in Otavan Laulukerho IV
Erik Lindström Kustannus
Uusinta Publishing Company
Helin-Sons Oy
Gehrmans Musikförlag
LeBaron Music
Rockadillo
Blosari
Polarvox
Published in Laulukerho IV (Otava 1951)
Savolaisen osakunnan laulajat
Imagine Music Publishig
Publisher: Sound In
Suomen Laulu
SLEY
Nordiska musikförlaget
Schildts
[lost]
Friisilän Musiikki
Tuomas Kantelinen Music
Released by the Finnish Broadcasting Company
Edition TROY
Beuermann
Scandinavian Music Interest
Modus Musiikki
SK-Gehrmans Musikförlag
Kadonnut
Jäger Hugo
Rautatien soittajat
Wesslin Music
Publisher: Valistus 1953; [not available]
Laulukerho IV (Otava 1951)
Publisher: Musical Works (Beijing)
Fenix
Julk. Siba
Friisilän musiikki oy
Gummerus
Siionin Laulut ja Virret (Suomen Rauhanyhdistysten Keskusyhdistys 1963)
Suomen kuoroliitto
Publisher (no. 1): ArtEmusa
KYL - Kauppakorkeakoulun Ylioppilaskunnan Laulajat
Mårtensong OY/AB
julk. Valistus
Puijon laulu ry
Otava
UNC Jazz Press
FSKO
Éditions À Coeur Joie
Editions Musicales Transatlantiques
Musiikki mosse oy
Publisher: FSSMF
Edition Pine
SÄVELTÄJÄ POISTANUT
WSOY
Edition Reimers
Publihhed in compilation Siionin Laulut (Suomen Rauhanyhdistysten Keskusyhdistys 1977)
Publisher (no. 1): Selvät Sävelet
Bells
Publisher: Edition JLe
Kansalliskuoro
Edition Svitzer
Lundholm C A
Musikverlag Josef Weinberger GmbH
Edita
Lindgren
Eskimo Music
Kirkon keskusrahasto/Sulasol
Carlander-Reuterfelt
Alex Freeman Music
Körlings förlag
Hans Busch Musikförlag
Publisher: Edition Modern
Lieman
Svenska Sång- och Musikförbund
Edition Peters
BRS Music
Karjalan kirjakustantamo
Carl Gehrmans Musikförlag
Lahden kans.väl.urkuviikko ry.
Edward B. Marks Music Corporat
Publisher: Centre for Worship and Music of the Evangelican-Lutheran Church of Finland
Edizioni Sconfinarte
Salabert
Sällskapet M.M.
Vee-Music
TomiRaisanen.com
Modern
Laulu-Miehet
Kirkkomusiikkiliitto
Suomen Mieskuoroliitto
Åbolands sång- och musikförbund
Love Records & Kaj Chydenius
Published in compilation Siionin Joulu (1965)
Uusi Suomi
Published in compilation Siionin Laulut (Suomen Rauhanyhdistysten Keskusyhdistys 2000)
Publisher: Scandia
Published in compilation Siionin Laulut ja Virret (Suomen Rauhanyhdistysten Keskusyhdistys 1963/2000)
Ylioppilaskunnan Laulajat
Pianokoulu Vivo 2, Otava
Libito
Finlands Svenska Kyrkosångsför
Peters
Syrene Music
Julk. Kalevan Laulajat
Fischer Carl INC
Publisher: Musact Oy
manus
TRN Music Publisher Inc.
Silver Burdet
Schott Music
A-Minor Production
Kanteleliitto
Ab Svenska Läromedel
LARI-Invest Oy
Publisher: Yhteiskustannus
Ruslania Edition
Suomen musiikkikirjatoyhdistys r.y.
Västnyländska kultursamfundet
Seesaw-Music corp
Kirkon keskusrahasto
Publisher (No. 34): Edition Kontrapunkt
Publisher: Chanterelle Verlag/MEL BAY
Pianokoulu Vivo 3, Otava
Förlaget Bro
Breitkopf & Härtel
Teemu Halmkrona Music
Published in compilation Pääsiäissana (1979)
Lindström Erik (ED)
Zen Master records & Publis
Engstrom & Sodring
Romain-Dorkin Company OY
Tammi
Donemus
Ampleforth
Laulukerho V (Otava 1958)
Verlag Neue Musik
Fennica Gehrman
Palonen Rauno
Publisher: Chanterelle Verlag, Germany
Tuomisaari yhtiö
STM-Music
SKUL/SKML
Julk. Matti Rag Paananen
Kirkkohallitus
[withdrawn]
Love Kustannus Oy
Kuva ja sana
Kalevan laulajat
Birdsong Music Publishing
Suomen Pasuuna- ja Tuubaseura
EMI
Kansanmusiikki-instituutti
Publisher: J.H. Music
Hirsis-Production Ky
Ongaku No Tomo Sha Copr.
Schlesinger
Suomen naiskuoroliitto ry
Edward B. Marks
Published in compilation Siionin Laulut ja Virret (Suomen Rauhanyhdistysten Keskusyhdistys 1975)
Yrjö Weilin
[original version withdrawn]
Edition Tre Fontane
Henri Delrieu
Mirandos
Harmonikansoiton opettajat ry
Pohjois-Karjalan kansanmusiikki- ja tanhuliitto ry.
Arvo Räikkönen
Sulasol, Novello
Publisher: Suomen kanttoriurkuriliitto
Norsk Musikförlag AS
SPOL
Suomi Loosi 1
[Withdrawn. Arabescata (1962) named as Symphony no. 4 in 1986]
Novello
saulizinovjev.com
Sävel
Publisher (no. 1): Helsinki University Chorus (YL)
Kansanvalistusseura
Faber Music
Holms förlag
Edition Wilhelm Hansen
Opus musicus
Publisher: in 1964 as MS facsimile in a journal “Kangasalan joulu 1964”, s.8
Bote & Bock
Zen-On Music Co
Musikvetenskapliga Seminariet
Publisher: Tritonus Magazine 1978-1980
Coda
Kompass records
Association of Finnish Music Schools
Abr. Lundquist
Svenska folkskolans?
Lahti Organ Festival
Universal Edition
Edition Tilli
Recital Music
Publisher: JKC
Reimers
Sortavalan Evankelinen Seura
Gross Music
Published in compilation Siionin laulut (Suomen Rauhanyhdistysten Keskusyhdistys 2000)
Publisher: AMEE, Spain
Canto
Suomen M.M.M. Suur-Loosi
Musikvetenskapliga seminariet
[probably lost; location not known]
Sulasol
Doblinger
Publisher: (?) 1933
Publisher: Church Year of the Missions 1970
lauriporra.com
julk. Uspenskin katedraalin mieskuoro
Editio Musica
Tactus
Turun tähtituotanto Oy